Ibrahim Inci

 Pilot incapacitation, is a state where pilot can't controls aircraft appropriately. Most of them are caused by physical factors but there are several psychological reasons for incapacitation. Some of the common casuses are : not having enough sleep, overworking, mental illneses occured by stress, not breathing enough oxygen. Some of problems must encountered by airline companies and crew because  pilots stress levels are high, sometimes they cant manage to find solution to all their problems.

Icing is a very serious problem that a plane encounters. It means in some parts of plane there is accumulation of ice which is dangerous for plane. It can harm engines or tails or just contribute the plane's weight. However even when the plane is airborne in wings there is a de-icing system called boot. De-icing means if there is accumulated ice, melting or destroying it. Anti-icing means there is no ice formed and we are just taking precautions in case of accumulation of ice.

The word ditching stands for landing an aircraft to water. It defines an extreme condition for aviation. Unwanted and rare of course. There are 22 recorded ditchings but only 6 of them totally fine(there is no death). In US Airways flight 1549 which happened on 15 january 2009 an airbus A320 successfully ditched on hudson river. Most important things to consider in ditching firstly position,and evacuation. After landed on water most important thing is to save people from cold water which is a part of evacuation. In process of evacuation nearest coastal guards must be alerted.

 Avianca 052 crashed on january 25 1990 due to fuel exhaustion. Main problem with avianca 052 that ineffective communication if the communications between the pilot and the nyc atc it may avoided the disaster. There were 149 passengers on board unfortunately 65 of them died in crash. FAA recorded the crash as lack of standardized terminology and inadequate air traffic flow management.

 Bird Strikes are serious problems that effects mostly engines but the good thing is most of the time it's avoidable to avoid bird strikes airline industries chops wood near airports so there is no food for birds.There are also more choices to get rid of birds like using pyrotechnics to scare them or maybe few strong lights can also work. So bird strikes are awful for aviation but most of the time it is avoidable.

                               Pilot Flying PF stands for Pilot Flying, and it means current pilot who's in charge of an aircraft who directs the aircraft mainly an operator of an aircraft. Basically PF is the pilot who lands, takeoffs, controls aircraft.                            Pilot Monitoring PM stands for Pilot Monitoring which means the pilot on a supportive role to pf. PM basically checks whats pf doing and supports or warns him. PM's responsibilities are communicating with control towers and affirms checklists. Thanks for reading my blog!